Endocrine Abstracts

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are incretin hormones secreted by gut endocrine cells that act on structurally related β-cell G protein coupled receptors to trigger glucose-dependent insulin secretion. Both peptide hormones augment glucose-stimulated insulin secretion although the actions of GIP are diminished in the setting of hyperglycemia. Moreover, the two incretin hormones, and their structurally related receptor...

SARS-CoV-2 infection produces greater morbidity and mortality in people with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity, raising the possibility that the consequences of viral infection are modulated directly and indirectly by the endocrine system. Hospitalization and severity of illness is more common in males, further suggesting that sex, possibly male and female sex hormones, modifies the host response to coronavirus infection. SARS-Co-V-2 cellular infection requires ACE...

Incretins are gut peptides that potentiate nutrient-dependent insulin secretion following meal ingestion. The two dominant incretins glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) stimulate insulin secretion and promote expansion of β-cell mass in preclinical models via control of cell proliferation and inhibition of apoptosis. GLP-1, but not GIP, decreases the rate of gastric emptying, inhibits glucagon secretion, and diminishes appeti...